Tag Archives: James Earle Fraser

Friday Flashback #426

Maria White Keogh is a 1979 Staples High School graduate.

She read the recent “06880” story on “Man Rising” — a mammoth sculpture by Westport artist Matthias Alfen — and the reference to noted Westport sculptor James Earle Fraser, who among other works designed the buffalo nickel, the “End of the Trail” sculpture of a Native American slumped over a tired horse, and the Theodore Roosevelt statue at the Museum of Natural History.

She checked in, to make sure her grandfather, Berthold Nebel, is not forgotten.

Born in Switzerland in 1889, he came to the US with his parents when he was 1.

He was hired as Fraser’s studio assistant in Gramercy Park, New York City. Nebel moved to Westport in 1930, on the advice of Fraser, and bought a 9-acre piece of land with a farmhouse on it.

Nebel soon built an artist studio much like Fraser’s. Nebel lived and worked there with his family, until his death in 1964.

Berthold Nebel’s Westport studio.

Here, he worked on commissions that included 2 sets of bronze doors for the Museum of the Americna Indian, and the Museum of the National Geographic Society.

Among Nebel’s other works: a statue of Confederate General Joseph Wheeler for the rotunda of the US Captiol, and another of General John Sedgwick for the front of the Connecticut Capitol in Hartford.

Berthold Nebel, with his sculptures in his studio.

Six months before atomic bombs were dropped on Japan, Nebel designed a metal called “World Unity or Oblivion.”

It shows a US soldier aiding a wounded companion. The reverse side says:

An explosion intended to destroy enemy forces … also obliterates whole communities.

Modern warfare has developed to such a degree that civilization may vanished from the earth unless there is to be better understanding among nations. This metal was designed to help impressed that thought, which I believe is uppermost in our minds.

One of Nebel’s last works was called “Adventure.” It showed a man and woman on a farm horse, riding toward a new life. The renewal of the human spirit was one of his favorite themes.

“The Adventure” (Berthold Nebel)

His studio is still in the family, and much of his artwork remains. Maria’s mother Lucia — a noted artist herself — lived there until she died in 2017.

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Friday Flashback #409

In the first week of August in 1949 — almost exactly 75 years ago — Life magazine put us on its cover.

The most popular publication in America — read by tens of millions — headlined the story “Fairfield County: Country Home of Smart New Yorkers.”

The 10-page spread — nestled among stories on the return of the last World War II prisoners, a feature on circus impresario John Ringling North, and editorials on “schools, steel and statism” — began:

Between the sailboat-dotted waters of Long Island Sound and the woodsy border of New York State, in the corner of Connecticut that juts down toward Manhattan Island, lies Fairfield County.

Its scalloped shore lie gives it hundreds of miles of valuable waterfront property, while the rolling country inland offers countless sites for a home with a view and even room to farm.

For all its rural atmosphere it is swiftly reached from New York City by the electrified New Haven Railroad and the high-speed Merritt Parkway.

Life’s caption reads: “Tea on the lawn replaces cocktails for the family of H.S. Richardson (center), who is chairman of the executive committee of Vick Chemical Co. The Richardsons’ “Mount Vernon type” house is on the so-called “Gold Coast” of Greens Farms … This area along the shore of the Sound is the home of the county’s very conservative ‘Proper New Yorkers.'”

One-tenth of the county’s population, Life said, “is supported by well-paid jobs in Ne York …. Thousands of successful New Yorkers, attracted by the rolling hills, the leisurely life and other New Yorkers, have flocked to towns like Greenwich, Darien, Westport, and Redding.”

They “sail their boats, ride their horses, drive around in their station wagons and lead a luxurious life.”

Of course, Life noted, “their existence is not utopian. The commuter’s day revolves around the 7:43 to New York in the morning and the 5:16 out at night.

“But for the New Yorkers who can, or think they can, afford a country home, Fairfield County is probably the best — and the newly fashionable — place to have it.”

Life said: “The Railroad Club Car is an exclusive, air-conditioned arrangement for wealthy commuters who prefer not to ride in coaches. This one … costs a member $140 a year besides the regular commutation fare.”

Two pages were devoted specifically to Westport.

Titled “Its ‘idea people’ live around Westport,” the story said:

Among the first New York “discoverers” of Fairfield County were artists and authors who moved there shortly after the turn of the century because their commuting schedule was not so rigorous as that of the businessman. They also liked its atmosphere of old New England.

Today Fairfield County as almost as many ‘idea people’ as it has people of wealth. Many of the authors, artists and actors live around the town of Westport, a onetime colonial shipping center just west of the town of Fairfield.

There are probably more professional artists within a 25-mile radius of Westport than in any comparable spot in the U.S.

The Westport Artists Club, which was formed only four years ago, already has 148 members.

Life noted: “Country Playhouse in Westport gives better than average plays, including tryouts of Broadway-bound shows. Here Eddie Dowling (in bow tie) and Meg Mundy (behind Dowling) rehearse a popular old one, ‘The Time of Your Life.'”

The Westport section included these photos:

Westport artist Stevan Dohanos (left), who illustrated many Saturday Evening Post covers, paints an Easton church.

StevThe caption reads: “Eva Le Gallienne takes a nap on the lawn of her Westport home. She lives in a farmhouse, has 15 acres of land where she keeps chicks and cairn terriers. She has lived there 22 years, calls it a ‘retreat from theater people.’ This summer she made a one-week appearance in the Westport Playhouse.”

These photos show (left) Metropolitan Opera conductor Fritz Reiner, and James and Laura Fraser, sculpting outside their studio. “He designed the buffalo nickel,” Life’s caption notes.

(Friday Flashback is one of “06880”‘s many regular features. If you enjoy this — or anything else on our website — please consider a tax-deductible contribution. Just click here. Thank you!)

Photo Challenge #371

Perhaps most readers were out playing in the snow last Sunday.

Or — after several inches of snow (though not the “bomb cyclone” that was predicted) — perhaps they were simply not thinking about fish.

But only one person — Jeff Oberman! — knew that our Photo Challenge showed an image from the Coleytown neighborhood.

Photographer Tony Menchaca (who lives nearby) says that the photo of what looks like a trout can be seen on the north side of Coleytown Road just west of North Avenue, equidistant to the street and the Aspetuck River. (Click here to see.)

If you know anything about the back story, click “Comments” below. Famed sculptor James Earle Fraser — designer of the buffalo nickel, the “End of the Trail” sculpture of a Native American slumped over a tired horse, and the Theodore Roosevelt statue at the Museum of Natural History — lived around the corner. Perhaps it’s his work.

Mark Mathias spotted (and photographed) this week’s Challenge, a few weeks ago. If you know where in Westport you’d see this, click “Comments” below. And if you know what it’s made of, add that.

(Photo/Mark Mathias)

Teddy Roosevelt’s Statue: The Westport Connection

For 80 years, a statue of Theodore Roosevelt has stood outside New York’s Museum of Natural History. It shows the early 20th century president on horseback. Two men — an indigenous person, and an African — walk beside him.

The New York Post reports that, as the former president is “criticized for glorifying colonialism and racism,” it is being sent to North Dakota, on a long-term loan to the new Theodore Roosevelt Presidential Library.

It’s already been covered with scaffolding and a tarp.

Theodore Roosevelt statue (Photo by Edward H. Blake, courtesy of Wikipedia)

Why is this “06880” news? Because the statue was designed and created in 1939 by James Earle Frasier, in his North Avenue studio.

Located now at Fraser Lane, north of Coleytown Avenue, the studio was one of the reasons Westport became known as an artists’ colony. Among the guests of Fraser and his wife Laura Gardin Fraser, also an internationally known sculptor: Teddy Roosevelt’s wife.

James Earle Fraser, at work on a bust of Theodore Roosevelt in his Westport studio.

The sculpture has not always been controversial. Fraser said, “The two figures at [Roosevelt’s] side are guides symbolizing the continents of Africa and America, and if you choose may stand for Roosevelt’s friendliness to all races.”

Fraser also designed the buffalo nickel, as well as the “End of the Trail” sculpture of a Native American slumped over a tired horse. That work depicts the damage inflicted by Europeans on this continent’s indigenous people.

Two of James Earle Fraser’s designs.

Click here for the full New York Post story. Click here for more information on the statue. Click here for more on James Earle Fraser. (Hat tip: Adam Stolpen)

Famed Art Colony Studio Up For Sale

Westport has been home to many famous residents. None was more famous than the Fraser family — well, that’s what James Earle Fraser’s 1953 obituary said, anyway.

He was a sculptor who designed the buffalo nickel, the “End of the Trail” sculpture of a Native American slumped over a tired horse, and the Theodore Roosevelt statue at the Museum of Natural History.

Two of James Earle Fraser’s designs.

His wife Laura Gardin Fraser was also an internationally known sculptor. She designed the Congressional Medal of Honor, featuring Charles Lindbergh’s likeness.

The couple knew everyone who was anyone, local historian Mary Gai says. Among the guests who visited were the wives of Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin Roosevelt, Edsel Ford, Harvey Firestone, Averell Harriman, and George Patton’s family.

The Frasers married in 1913, and moved to Westport the next year. They built a large studio off North Avenue, north of Coleytown Road, where they worked for decades.

The Frasers’ home and former studio, today.

They bought surrounding property to keep their neighborhood quiet. They then sold some land to other sculptors and painters — including former student Lila Wheelock Howard and her illustrator husband Oscar, and Kerr Eby, whose etchings are still sold today.

The Frasers’ foresight — and hospitality — helped make Westport a true 20th-century “artists’ colony.”

James Earle Fraser, at work on a bust of Theodore Roosevelt in his Westport studio.

The Frasers did not just sit home and create art, of course. They helped found the Fairfield County Hunt Club, Westport Beach Club (now Longshore), and Shorehaven Country Club.

But the studio was the center of their lives. It featured stone walls, large doors and windows, and a dark slate roof. Legend has it that the Frasers had bought a villa in Italy, had it disassembled and brought to Westport — along with Italian masons — where it was rebuilt, stone by stone.

Sculptures created inside — including some of the most famous works — were rolled out through 2-story swinging doors.

The original studio, today.

The Frasers’ studio was later bought by Ralph and Betty Alswang. He was a noted theater designer — and, decades after the Frasers, another key contributor to Westport’s artistic life.

The studio — at what is now 2 Fraser Lane — is on the market. Enlarged over the years to 5,650 square feet (and 5 bedrooms), it’s been renovated inside. But the exterior looks much as it must have a century ago.

Several homes with long artistic histories have recently met the wrecking ball. Will this be preserved — or, like James Earle Fraser’s buffalo nickel, become just a faded artifact of an earlier time?

Mediterranean influences are strong on the Frasers’ former house.

All You Ever Wanted To Know About Coleytown, But Never Knew To Ask

Mary Gai is many things: an alert “06880” reader. A realtor. A lover of Westport history.

Those 3 elements come together in her fascinating story about the Coleytown neighborhood:

I couldn’t believe my eyes when I first saw 277 North Avenue in the early 1980s. But I immediately knew I was looking at history.

Standing hundreds of feet from any road, the dramatic lines of the 1740s saltbox — constructed to avoid taxes the King of England imposed on 2-story houses — had not changed since it was built.

Amazingly, it still exists today — along with a carriage house, barn and surrounding acreage. The fact that it does is due to a series of little miracles. The first was that James Earle Fraser and Laura Gardin Fraser bought sizable chunks of Coleytown starting in 1914, including this property.

James Earle Fraser, at work on a bust of Theodore Roosevelt in his Westport studio.

James Earle Fraser, at work on a bust of Theodore Roosevelt in his Westport studio.

Westport would not be Westport if not for the Frasers.  They were the most famous residents of Westport ever (according to his 1953 obituary). The 1st polo games ever in Westport were held on their property. A year later they founded The Fairfield County Hunt Club.

They were also among the founders of the Westport Beach Club (now known as Longshore), and Shorehaven Country Club.

These politically active, internationally famous sculptors attracted to Westport a dizzying array of internationally famous visitors, including both Roosevelt first ladies, Edsel Ford, the Harvey Firestones, the Mayos, Averell Harriman, the George Patton family, famous poets, architects, writers, activists and philanthropists. Three-time Pulitzer Prize winning poet Edwin Arlington Robinson lived with them in Westport for 15 years.

Public records reveal that the Frasers intentionally purchased property to keep their neighborhood quiet enough for their creativity. They then sold some land to other artists, effectively founding Westport’s famous artists colony.

Former Fraser student and famous sculptor Lila Wheelock Howard and her illustrator husband Oscar bought the old mill and barn on Coleytown Road in 1919. Kerr Eby, world-famous artist and pacifist, bought the Coley homestead from the Frasers in 1923, just a few hundred feet from the Fraser studios. The property that he named “Driftway” became the inspiration for many of his etchings (still sold today). He lived in his beloved old saltbox for the rest of this life.

Water was an important part of the property, for many reasons.

Water was an important part of the property, for many reasons.

Heir to the Montgomery Ward fortune Ward Thorne and his wife Judith bought Driftway from the Eby estate in 1949. They lived there for the rest of their lives as well. To insure that the property be taken seriously by historians, they donated it to the Antiquarian & Landmarks society.

The current sellers are true heroes of preservation. They stabilized and restored the magnificent saltbox, insuring that it will “live on” with its 5 working fireplaces, chestnut beams, floors and gorgeous woodwork. A family addition echoes the saltbox form, and adds functionality for today. They also purchased the old mill and barn to reunite the property and the main building components, which now includes 3 antique homes, 2 barns and 10.5 acres of the original farm homestead.

277 North Avenue today. The original lines of the 1740s saltbox still remain.

277 North Avenue today. The original lines of the 1740s saltbox still remain.

The area is called “Coleytown” because of the Coley family. They farmed their land for 200 years, and had quite a sophisticated operation. Fresh water from the Aspetuck River helped grow grapes, flax, corn, onions and other crops.

The Coley wharf was located on the Saugatuck River just south of Gorham Island. Produce — including grain processed at the Coley mill — was transported on the Coley’s sloop “Nancy” to New York and Boston on a regular basis.

The c.1760 gristmill — replaced by steam power — became a cotton mill by 1840. Batting produced from Southern cotton was sent to manufacturers to fill the need for textiles in Northeastern cities. A piece of cotton mill apparatus still hangs from the barn rafters, and an original millstone decorates the riverfront landscape. A footbridge and waterfall create a gorgeous, unspoiled landscape.

The original mill house.

The original mill house.

The Frasers and 4 other owners of this property not only preserved the antique buildings and land along the Aspetuck River. They also preserved the largely forgotten village center, first called “Coley Ville.”

The mill and converted barn on Coleytown Road were the center of the little village. It included a small green, schoolhouse, shoemaker, blacksmith, yarn manufacturer, horse stables, 5 Coley homesteads, and probably a couple of other shops.

The original Coley homestead.

The original Coley homestead. (All photos courtesy of Mary Gai)

Today, the former village gristmill, barn and the Coley homestead are looking for new stewards. Let’s hope they preserve the character of this special neighborhood — one that has endured even longer than our nation itself.

(For much more information on the property, click here; then follow the “Driftway” links on the left.)

Jeff Seaver Recalls A Constellation Of Stars

Last month’s post about “I Love Lucy” and Westport’s Minuteman statue — plus many of the characters in that story — struck a chord with alert “06880” reader/longtime resident Jeff Seaver. He writes:

I first experienced Westport at age 17, visiting the family of a college friend. Ralph and Betty Alswang lived on Fraser Lane. He was a theater designer of note, and we became friends. Eventually he took me under his wing as an intern in theater architecture. (Mercifully, he later suggested I leave the field and “try something more fun.”) In the meantime I helped work on Lucille Lortel’s White Barn and Playwrights Horizons, among other projects.

At the Alswang home I was exposed to an astonishing collection of the special denizens of Westport. This included the Alswangs themselves, Bob and Eileen Weiskopf, and their delightful children.

Ralph and Betty’s house on Fraser Lane had once been the studio of the sculptor James Earle Fraser. With its stone walls, imposingly large doors and windows, and dark slate roofs, the house was an architectural marvel. I understand that Fraser found the villa in Italy, purchased it and had it disassembled and brought here — along with Italian masons — to be reconstructed, stone by stone.

James Earle Fraser and his bust of Theodore Roosevelt, around 1921.

James Earle Fraser and his bust of Theodore Roosevelt, around 1921.

I am told that Fraser’s original for the cast bronze equestrian sculpture of Theodore Roosevelt with an American Indian (now standing at the entrance to the American Museum of Natural History) was created within those walls. Sculptures were rolled out through the 2-story-tall swinging doors on to a massive concrete loading dock, later converted into a patio.

Ralph and Betty had a lively, eccentric home life: 3 vibrant, smart kids; a pair of neurotic Siamese cats; dogs here and there; huge spreads of food; lots of laughter, storytelling and music; remarkable friends, and deeply held — usually radical — political views, loudly expressed over meals.

Ralph was a larger-than-life character. He built a coffee table sturdy enough to stand on to facilitate the delivery of his fabled orations: smart, opinionated, always hysterically funny. And everyone, it seemed — especially my college chums — had secret crushes on Betty.

The Alswang home was open to neighbors and friends like Paul Newman, Joanne Woodward, Sydney Poitier and their families; director Otto Preminger; actor Gary Merrill (who had been married to Bette Davis); attorney Leonard Boudine (who lived across the street); Lucille Lortel, and many others.

Some were luminaries, some mere mortals, but all of them fascinating, talented folk. I would stumble out of Ralph’s studio, bleary-eyed from work, and find an assembly of guests lounging over coffee at the outsize dining table or enjoying the sun in back. As a naive teenager, I assumed this lifestyle must be how all adults lived.

Ralph Alswang (5th from left), with a galaxy of stars as they arrivefd for a session of the House Un-American Activities Committee in Washington, D. The group includes June Havoc, John Huston, Humphrey Bogart, Lauren Bacall, Danny Kaye, Jane Wyatt and Ira Gershwin.

Ralph Alswang (5th from left), with a galaxy of stars as they arrived for a session of the House Un-American Activities Committee in Washington, D.C. The group includes June Havoc, John Huston, Humphrey Bogart, Lauren Bacall, Danny Kaye, Jane Wyatt and Ira Gershwin.

Sad to say, this extraordinary madness was not to last. Betty Alswang, whose beauty (she was a model in her youth) was matched by her wits, died from cancer. As sometimes happens, Ralph died of a heart attack not long afterward. It was a heartbreaking loss, and the aftershocks left holes in many lives.

But the children carried on the tradition of style, talent and smarts. The Weiskopfs’ son Kim, who became a friend, went on to some celebrity as a TV writer in California. Fran Alswang became a TV producer, working with Michael Moore among others. Hope Alswang has a distinguished career as a curator of the decorative arts at various museums. Ralph Alswang was, among other things, official White House photographer for the Clinton administration. The Poitier children who once scampered around the house have found their own special callings.

Ralph and Betty and their circle remain emblematic for me of the greatest attributes Westport had to offer, when its gravitational pull attracted a constellation of brilliant lights in the theater, visual and literary arts.

Given the changes over the past 30 years in Westport, I’m skeptical such a powerful confluence could occur here again. But I feel blessed to have been invited in briefly, if only as a spectator, during that special time.

Jeff Seaver

Jeff Seaver

I later set about crafting my own dynasty. I got as far as designing and building a beautiful loft in Chelsea, filling it with Siamese cats, and marrying another talented artist.

In 1999, after 25-plus years of carving out a successful career as an artist in New York, I began searching for a life outside of the city. I wanted our 5-year-old daughter to experience exotic, rarefied things like grass, birds and squirrels.

One evening, while scouting locations in Connecticut, I looked up and recognized the road that leads to Longshore. I crossed over from there to Compo Beach, parked by the legendary cannons and stared out across the beach, flooded with recollections. I stopped over at Allen’s Clam House, and took a drive back up north to Fraser Lane, where so many other wonderful memories came flooding back.

Poof — the decision was made.